Corruption in Canada : Corruption au Canada : définitions et exécution

The main characteristic of this type of corruption lies in the officials’ decision-making process, whereas the incentive to act should be to serve the public’s interest, in this case, the incentive lies in the 26 official’s personal gain. [...] It settles on the following definition: “the abuse of public office for private gain.” Because one of the main roles of the World Bank is to finance governments and support government policies and programs, its main concern is with bribery in the public sector (although it still recognizes the important problem of bribery in the private 71 sector). [...] This is the case in Québec where the more general terms “corruption” and “collusion” were used to establish the Commission of Inquiry on the awarding and management of public contracts in the 84 construction industry. [...] The court lists the following elements: it must be shown that the accused was an official at the time of the offence and was acting in connection with duties of the office, and that there was a breach in the standard of responsibility and conduct demanded by the nature of the office. [...] The Criminal Code also defines the term “official” for the purpose of this group of offences (from sections 118 to 427), as “a person 93 who holds an office, or is appointed or elected to discharge a public duty.” Private corruption in Canada is criminalized in the context of domestic bribery, under section 426 of the Criminal Code.