In Canada, provinces and territories invest signi cant public resources in the provision of elementary and secondary education, and Canadians are interested in the outcomes of learning. [...] It presents the national and provincial results in mathematics, reading, and science, and complements the information presented in the PISA 2012 International report.8 Results are compared to other participating countries, and across Canadian provinces. [...] Chapter 2 presents results on the performance of Canada and the provinces in the minor domains of reading (paper- based and computer-based) and science. [...] Next, the report presents the performance of students enrolled in anglophone and francophone school systems for those provinces in which the two groups were sampled separately, and compares the performance in mathematics of Canadian students by gender. [...] It assists individuals to recognize the role that mathematics plays in the world and to make the well-founded judgments and decisions needed by constructive, engaged and re ective citizens.”9 The mathematics framework was originally developed for PISA 2000 and further articulated in 2003, when mathematics was the major domain.