At the 2012 Energy and Mines meeting in Charlottetown, Ministers recognized that the North American energy landscape is changing rapidly as technological innovation and increasing affordability of horizontal drilling and multi-stage hydraulic fracturing technologies have unlocked vast unconventional 'shale' oil and gas resources. In both Canada and the U.S., this innovation is supported by world-leading oil and gas infrastructure, technical expertise, and an enabling policy and regulatory environment that have already allowed the shale industry to successfully develop for several years. Canadian companies are well positioned to expand production and compete globally in bringing shale oil and gas resources to market, as well as competing globally when it comes to ongoing innovation and continuing to develop technologies and expertise that can be applied to issues such as shale resource assessment, environmental impact management, and public awareness.