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Challenge to Mars : Pacifism from 1918 to 1945

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Description

Emerging in 1918 from the devastation of World War I, the modern pacifist movement expanded rapidly and soon became organized on a transnational basis. These essays present aspects of the movement's development to the end of the Second World War.

The fourteen essays in Part I look at the interwar years, which gave rise to an array of pacifist organizations, both religious and humanist, throughout Europe and North America. Twelve essays in Part II deal with the brutal challenge to pacifist ideals posed by the Second World War and include a look at the fate of those courageous Germans who refused to fight for Hitler. The struggles of Christian pacifism in Japan and the satyagraha (non-violent soul force) of Gandhi in India are the focus of the two closing studies (Part III). These twenty-eight essays by scholars from eleven countries present an impressive overview of this remarkable movement, at the same time drawing out many little-known areas of pacifist activity.

Table of Contents

CONTENTS
Page 6-9

PREFACE
Page 10-15

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Page 16-17

Show more

CONTRIBUTORS
Page 18-19

Part One: From Peace to War
Page 20-267

-----1 Mennonites and Military Service in the Soviet Union to 1939
Page 22-39

-----2 Russian Baptists and the Military Question, 1918–1929
Page 40-59

-----3 Pacifism and Conscientious Objection in Finland, 1918–1945
Page 60-78

-----4 In Search of a 'Lost' Belarusan Pacifist Leader
Page 79-85

-----5 War Resisters in Weimar Germany
Page 86-107

-----6 The Anarchopacifism of Bart de Ligt
Page 108-119

-----7 The Conviction of Things Not Seen: Christian Pacifism in France, 1919–1945
Page 120-135

-----8 Defending the Rights of Man: The Ligue des droits de l'homme and the Problem of Peace
Page 136-152

-----9 A Legitimate Peace Movement: The Case of Interwar Britain, 1918–1945
Page 153-167

-----10 Women Pacifists in Interwar Britain
Page 168-187

-----11 The Peace Pledge Union: From Peace to War, 1936–1945
Page 188-204

-----12 J.S. Woodsworth and War
Page 205-217

-----13 'Practical' and Absolute Pacifism in the Early Years of the U.S. Women's International League for Peace and Freedom
Page 218-244

-----14 The Fight against War of the Historic Peace Churches, 1919–1941
Page 245-267

Part Two: The Second World War
Page 268-451

-----15 Quakers in Uniform: The Friends Ambulance Unit
Page 270-282

-----16 Conscientious Objection in Canada
Page 283-298

-----17 Pacifists as Conscientious Objectors in Australia
Page 299-318

-----18 Pacifism and Conscientious Objection in New Zealand
Page 319-338

-----19 Conscience and Conscription in a Free Society: U.S. Civilian Public Service
Page 339-357

-----20 Pacifist Professional Women on the Job in the United States
Page 358-372

-----21 Prison Journey of an American War Resister
Page 373-386

-----22 Conscientious Objection and Popular Culture: The Case of Lew Ayres
Page 387-396

-----23 Conscientious Objectors in Nazi Germany
Page 397-406

-----24 Danish War Resisters under Nazi Occupation
Page 407-421

-----25 Pacifists in Nazi-Occupied Norway
Page 422-435

-----26 For Church and Peace: Dutch Christian Pacifists under Nazi Occupation
Page 436-451

Part Three: Pacifist Outreach: Japan and India
Page 452-481

-----27 Pacifism in Japan, 1918–1945
Page 454-466

-----28 Gandhi's Satyagraha and Its Roots in India's Past
Page 467-481

ILLUSTRATION CREDITS
Page 482-483

INDEX
Page 484-501

-----A
Page 484-484

-----B
Page 485-485

-----C
Page 486-487

-----D
Page 488-488

-----E
Page 488-488

-----F
Page 489-489

-----G
Page 490-490

-----H
Page 490-490

-----I
Page 491-491

-----J
Page 491-491

-----K
Page 492-492

-----L
Page 492-492

-----M
Page 493-494

-----N
Page 495-495

-----O
Page 495-495

-----P
Page 496-496

-----Q
Page 497-497

-----R
Page 497-497

-----S
Page 498-498

-----T
Page 499-499

-----U
Page 499-499

-----V
Page 500-500

-----W
Page 500-500

-----Y
Page 501-501

-----Z
Page 501-501

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Book Details

Title

Challenge to Mars

Subtitle

Pacifism from 1918 to 1945

Contributors

Peter Brock,
Thomas P. Socknat

Publisher

University of Toronto Press

Publication date

1999-01-01

Pages

xviii, 474 p., [8] p

Print ISBN

9780802043719

eBook ISBN

9781442672796

LC Subjects

Pacifism - History - 20th century.

Audience

Professional and scholarly

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