Reforming Fiscal Federalism for Global Competition : A Canada-Australia Comparison

Table of Contents

• Contents 4
• Preface 8
• Acknowledgements 10
• 1. Introduction 12
• 2. The Comparative Nature of Australian and Canadian Economic Space 18
• Some Non-Policy Explanations 20
• Policy-Induced Differences in Geo-Economic Space 20
• The Role of Region in National Decision Making 23
• Globalization and the Australia/Canada Comparison 24
• Conclusions 25
• Appendix 26
• 3. The Challenges of Globalisation: Lessons from Australian Experience 34
• Lessons from Australian Experience? 36
• Hawke's New Federalism 38
• Intergovernmental Relations Under Keating 43
• Regionalism Revived 50
• Conclusions 53
• 4. Fiscal Federalism in Australia and Canada: A Brief Comparison of Constitutional Frameworks, Structural Features of Existing Fiscal Systems and Fiscal Institutions 56
• An Overview of Stylized Facts 58
• The Evolution of Fiscal Federalism over the Last Decade 67
• Explaining Differences in the Degree of Fiscal Centralization 70
• Conclusions 72
• Appendix 83
• 5. Tax Assignment and Fiscal Externalities in a Federal State 98
• Fiscal Externalities in a Federal State 100
• Applications to Australia and Canada 109
• Conclusions 112
• 6. Making a Mess of Tax Assignment: Australia as a Case Study 120
• The Assignment of Taxing Powers 120
• Australia's Fiscal and Federal System in Broad Perspective 124
• The Consequences of Fiscal Imbalance 128
• The Causes of Fiscal Imbalance 135
• A Scheme for Returning Taxing Powers to the States 137
• Alternatives and Objections: Is Commonwealth Policy-Making Really Threatened? 141
• Making Fiscal Coordination a Reality 145
• Conclusions: Towards a New Approach to Promoting National Objectives 146
• 7. Assigning Responsibility for Regional Stabilization: Evidence from Canada and Australia 152
• Previous Literature 153
• Evidence from Canada and Australia 158
• Two Case Studies of Discretionary Fiscal Policy 164
• Conclusions 170
• 8. The Partisan Component in Intergovernmental Transfers 174
• Initial Considerations 175
• Previous Studies 179
• The Results 183
• Conclusions 188
• Appendix 192
• 9. Preserving and Promoting the Internal Economic Union: Australia and Canada 196
• Constitutional Provisions Relating to the Internal Economic Union 198
• International Influences 205
• Positive Integration 207
• Competitive Federalism and the Internal Economic Union 223
• Conclusions 228
• Appendix 232
• 10. A New Federalism for Canada 234