The texts The core of the book is the series of texts exemplifying the changes in the language from Old English to the establishment of Standard English. [...] The evidence for changes in the language lies in the surviving manuscripts of older English going back to the 8th century, and in printed books since the end of the 3 From Old English to Standard English 15th century. [...] Then the Britons sent to the Angles and made the same request to the princes of the Angles. [...] Then they sent to Anglen, and ordered the Angles to send more help, and reported the cowardice of the Britons and the fertility of the land. [...] From the Jutes came the people of Kent and the Isle of Wight - that is, the people who now live in the Isle of Wight, and the race among the West Saxons 15 From Old English to Standard English who are still called Jutes.
Authors
- Bibliography, etc. Note
- Includes bibliographical references and index
- Control Number Identifier
- CaOOCEL
- Dewey Decimal Classification Number
- 420/.9
- Dewey Decimal Edition Number
- 21
- General Note
- Issued as part of the desLibris books collection
- ISBN
- 9780776616087 0776604694
- LCCN
- PE1075.5
- LCCN Item number
- F74 1998eb
- Modifying agency
- CaBNVSL
- Original cataloging agency
- CaBNVSL
- Physical Description | Extent
- 1 electronic text (xxi, 479 p.)
- Publisher or Distributor Number
- CaOOCEL
- Rights
- Access restricted to authorized users and institutions
- System Control Number
- (CaBNVSL)jme00326784 (OCoLC)181843498 (CaOOCEL)403642
- System Details Note
- Mode of access: World Wide Web
- Transcribing agency
- CaBNVSL
Table of Contents
- Contents 6
- Preface to the second edition 11
- Acknowledgements 15
- Symbols 16
- Texts and facsimiles 17
- 1 INTRODUCTION 24
- 1.1 English today 24
- 1.2 Studying variety across time in language 25
- 1.3 How has the English language changed? 25
- 1.4 How can we learn about Old English and later changes in the language? 26
- 1.5 Changes of meaning – the semantic level 27
- 2 THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE IS BROUGHT TO BRITAIN 32
- 2.1 Roman Britain 32
- 2.2 The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 32
- 2.3 How the English language came to Britain 35
- 3 OLD ENGLISH (I) 44
- 3.1 Written Old English 44
- 3.2 Dialects and political boundaries 58
- 3.3 Danish and Norwegian Vikings 60
- 3.4 Effects of Viking settlement on the English language 69
- 3.5 The Norman Conquest 74
- 4 OLD ENGLISH (II) 78
- 4.1 The language of Old English poetry 78
- 4.2 OE prose 83
- 4.3 OE grammar 88
- 4.4 Latin loan-words in OE 94
- 4.5 ON loan-words in OE 96
- 4.6 Early French loan-words 97
- 5 FROM OLD ENGLISH TO MIDDLE ENGLISH 99
- 5.1 The evidence for linguistic change 99
- 5.2 The Norman Conquest and the English language 100
- 5.3 The earliest 12th-century Middle English text 105
- 5.4 The book called Ormulum 109
- 5.5 12th-century loan-words 119
- 6 EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH – 12th CENTURY 121
- 6.1 Evidence of language change from late OE to early ME in Lazamon's Brut 121
- 6.2 The Owl & the Nightingale 146
- 7 EARLY MIDDLE ENGLISH – 13th CENTURY 149
- 7.1 The Fox and the Wolf 149
- 7.2 The South English Legendary 150
- 7.3 A guide for anchoresses 155
- 7.4 Lyric poems 158
- 7.5 The Bestiary 160
- 7.6 The Lay of Havelok the Dane 166
- 7.7 Early 13th-century loan-words 1200–1249 168
- 8 NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN TEXTS COMPARED 172
- 8.1 Cursor Mundi – a history of the world 172
- 8.2 Later 13th-century loan-words 1250–1299 184
- 9 THE 14th CENTURY – SOUTHERN AND KENTISH DIALECTS 186
- 9.1 The dialect areas of Middle English 186
- 9.2 How to describe dialect differences 192
- 9.3 A South Eastern or Kentish dialect 193
- 9.4 An early South West dialect 200
- 9.5 A later 14th-century South West dialect 202
- 9.6 Loan-words 1300–1319 207
- 10 THE 14th CENTURY – NORTHERN DIALECTS 210
- 10.1 A 14th-century Scots English dialect 210
- 10.2 Another Northern dialect – York 214
- 10.3 The York Plays 218
- 10.4 Northern and Midland dialects compared 225
- 10.5 Chaucer and the Northern dialect 226
- 10.6 Loan-words 1320–1339 228
- 11 THE 14th CENTURY – WEST MIDLANDS DIALECTS 230
- 11.1 A North-West Midlands dialect – Sir Gawayn and pe Grene Knyzt 230
- 11.2 A South-West Midlands dialect – Piers Plowman 238
- 11.3 Loan-words 1340–1359 246
- 12 THE 14th CENTURY – EAST MIDLANDS AND LONDON DIALECTS 247
- 12.1 The origins of present-day Standard English 247
- 12.2 A South-East Midlands dialect – Mandeville'sTravels 248
- 12.3 The London dialect – Thomas Usk 250
- 12.4 Loan-words 1360–1379 252
- 13 THE LONDON DIALECT–CHAUCER, LATE 14th CENTURY 254
- 13.1 Chaucer's prose writing 254
- 13.2 Chaucer's verse 259
- 13.3 Editing a text 262
- 13.4 Loan-words 1380–1399 266
- 14 EARLY MODERN ENGLISH I – THE 15th CENTURY 270
- 14.1 The beginnings of a standard language 270
- 14.2 Early 15th-century East Midlands dialect – The Boke of Margery Kempe 274
- 14.3 Later 15th-century East Midlands dialect – the Paston letters 278
- 14.4 Late 15th-century London English – William Caxton 280
- 14.5 The medieval tales of King Arthur 286
- 14.6 Late 15th-century London dialect – the Cely letters 289
- 14.7 15th-century loan-words 294
- 15 EARLY MODERN ENGLISH II – THE 16th CENTURY (i) 296
- 15.1 The Lisle Letters 296
- 15.2 Formal prose in the 1530s 303
- 15.3 A different view on new words 310
- 15.4 John Hart's An Orthographic 312
- 15.5 The Great Vowel Shift 316
- 15.6 Punctuation in 16th-century texts 325
- 15.7 Loan-words 1500–1549 325
- 16 EARLY MODERN ENGLISH III – THE 16th CENTURY (ii) 328
- 16.1 The development of the standard language 328
- 16.2 Evidence for some 16th-century varieties of English 331
- 16.3 English at the end of the 16th century 339
- 16.4 Loan-words 1550–1599 342
- 17 EARLY MODERN ENGLISH IV – THE 17th CENTURY (i) 345
- 17.1 Evidence for changes in pronunciation 345
- 17.2 SirThomas Browne 349
- 17.3 George fox's Journal 354
- 17.4 John Milton 360
- 17.5 John Evelyn's Diary 363
- 17.6 The Royal Society and prose style 365
- 17.7 Loan-words 1600–1649 369
- 18 EARLY MODERN ENGLISH V – THE 17th CENTURY (ii) 375
- 18.1 John Bunyan 375
- 18.2 Spelling and pronunciation at the end of the 17th century 378
- 18.3 John Dryden 389
- 18.4 North Riding Yorkshire dialect in the 1680s 393
- 18.5 Loan-words 1650–1699 395
- 19 MODERN ENGLISH – THE 18th CENTURY 399
- 19.1 Correcting, improving and ascertaining the language 399
- 19.2 Dr Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language 404
- 19.3 The perfection of the language 406
- 19.4 'The Genius of the Language' 407
- 19.5 Bishop Lowth's Grammar 409
- 19.6 'The depraved language of the common People' 411
- 19.7 'Propriety & perspicuity of language' 412
- 19.8 Language and social class 418
- 19.9 William Cobbett and the politics of language 422
- 19.10 18th-century loan-words 426
- 20 FROM OLD ENGLISH TO MODERN ENGLISH – COMPARING HISTORICAL TEXTS 430
- 20.1 Commentary on Text 173 430
- 20.2 'Your accent gives you away!' 433
- 21 POSTSCRIPT I – TO THE PRESENT DAY 441
- 21.1 Some developments in the standard language since the 18th century 441
- 21.2 The continuity of prescriptive judgements on language use 443
- 21.3 The grammar of spoken English today 445
- 21.4 19th- and 20th-century loan-words 447
- 22 POSTSCRIPT II – ENGLISH SPELLING TODAY: A SUMMARY 454
- 22.1 The Roman alphabet and English spelling 454
- 22.2 The contrastive sounds of English 454
- 22.3 The spelling of vowels in English 456
- 22.4 The spelling of consonants in English 462
- 23 POSTSCRIPT III – THE DEVELOPMENT OF PRESENT-DAY ENGLISH SPELLING: A SUMMARY 465
- 23.1 Old English 465
- 23.2 After 1066 – Middle English 468
- 23.3 Early Modern English 473
- 23.4 Correct spelling today 479
- Bibliography 481
- Index 483
- A 483
- B 484
- C 484
- D 485
- E 486
- F 488
- G 488
- H 488
- I 489
- J 489
- K 490
- L 490
- M 494
- N 494
- O 494
- P 495
- Q 497
- R 497
- S 498
- T 500
- U 500
- V 500
- W 501
- Y 501
