To assess the extent to which Manitoba’s municipalities are preparing for climate change by incorporating climate risks and adaptation needs into local planning documents, the Climate Change and Air Quality Branch of Manitoba Sustainable Development commissioned the International Institute for Sustainable Development (IISD) to undertake this review. [...] These two plans as well as the development plan for the RM of Rhineland and the Towns of Plum Coulee, Gretna and Altona (RPGA) were the only ones to establish actions to address vulnerabilities to climate change. [...] Three plans established actions to address vulnerabilities to climate change: the two previously mentioned as well as the development plan for the RM of Rhineland and the Towns of Plum Coulee, Gretna and Altona (RPGA). [...] The objectives are to: serve as a framework for formulating development policies and decisions; identify factors relevant to the use and development of land; identify the critical problems and opportunities concerning the development of land in the RM of Morris, and related social, economic and environmental considerations; establish the desired characteristics, patterns and timing of future land [...] Periodically review these standards as climate changes” (5.3.18) • “Encourage the Office of the Fire Commissioner to consider standards above building code that reflect soil and permafrost conditions for foundations and to periodically review these standards as climate changes” (5.3.23) • “Encourage the Office of the Fire Commissioner to review the water infrastructure standards in the Building By