This study first discusses the pros and cons of the various definitions that have been used to investigate the phenomenon of working poverty in Canada, and argues for the use of a new definition. [...] In addition to providing a detailed descriptive profile of working poor Canadians, the study identifies the main determinants of low income for workers, and looks at the dynamics of work and low income for the working poor. [...] Chapter three presents a detailed cross-sectional profile of working poor Canadians based on this new definition, including information on the number of working poor Canadians and their dependants in 2001, the work effort of working poor individuals and the severity of their poverty. [...] The next three chapters investigate issues related to the factors that were identified as the main determinants of poverty for workers, namely the potential for a second earner in working poor families (chapter five); the situation of self-employed versus salaried workers (chapter six); and the impact of increasing the wages of salaried working poor persons on their low-income status (chapter seve [...] At the same time, the Statistical Agency of the European Union received the mandate to develop an indicator of working poverty in order to assess the impact of any policies and programs on working poor persons.