In the routine HIV testing era, primary care physicians in community Lack of HIV-related knowledge or skills can lead to sub-optimal health centers remain unaware of HIV health outcomes for people living with HIV. [...] Journal of the about HIV transmission can contribute to stigmatizing behaviours International Association of Providers of on the part of health care workers, and inadequate knowledge AIDS Care 2014;13(4):296-9. [...] Pediatric pri- mary care provider practices, knowledge, A study of 973 physicians in New York state found that 40% were and attitudes of human immunodeficien- unaware of a state-wide law mandating the offer of routine HIV cy virus screening among adolescents. [...] A study of obstetrical and gynecological nurses and auxiliary workers in Maryland found that respondents were knowledgeable about 8. Watkins S, Gray J. Human immu- vertical transmission but fewer than 50% could correctly answer nodeficiency virus/acquired immune questions about the difference between HIV and AIDS, the life deficiency syndrome: a survey of the expectancy of a newborn diagnosed with [...] Physician specialization and the physicians and obstetrician-gynecologists found that only 1% could quality of care for human immunode- correctly identify the transmission probability of HIV and only 6% ficiency virus infection.