North American Electric Reliability Corporation Overview of the 2003 blackout report In response to the blackout, the U. S. and Canada established a joint U. S.-Canada Power System Outage Task Force to investigate the causes of the blackout and to recommend ways to reduce the possibility of a recurrence. [...] After the Blackout: Implementation of Mandatory Electric Reliability Standards in Canada NERC standards or modified NERC standards are mandatory and enforceable or are in the process of becoming mandatory and enforceable10 in all provinces connected to the BES except P.E. [...] After the Blackout: Implementation of Mandatory Electric Reliability Standards in Canada While Ontario was a pioneer in the implementation of mandatory standards in North America, the implementation of mandatory and enforceable electric reliability standards across Canada has generally taken time primarily because of the constitutional divisions of responsibility and the unique regulatory design o [...] It also confers regularly with the and research plans to improve environmental practices in Canadian Electricity Association (CEA), conventional and unconventional oil and gas development; NERC and FERC on reliability issues, enhancing the reliability and security of North American energy including in two face-to-face meetings infrastructure; supporting the advancement of an efficient and clean el [...] In 2012, the FPT EWG and FERC finalized the Finally, NRCan and the U. S. DOE maintain a close “Principles for Data Sharing” to aid in the event of future cross-border outages or relationship under the auspices of the Canada-U.