Diagnosis and treatment of pineal gland cysts

Pineal gland cysts are benign, fluid-filled mass on the pineal gland and are often asymptomatic. While the majority are asymptomatic, the cyst can compress adjacent brain structures resulting in clinical symptoms including headache, blurred vision, vertigo and vomiting. Different MRI techniques, as well as computed tomography (CT) scanning and ultrasonography have all been employed to detect pineal gland cysts. Management of pineal gland cysts remains controversial due to the large proportion of asymptomatic cysts and the lack of current clinical practice guidelines. The purpose of this report is to review the clinical evidence and clinical practice guidelines regarding the diagnosis and treatment of pineal gland cysts.