The results of the studies reported in this paper are those of the researchers and/or authors noted in the reference list. [...] Before beginning the review of each activity, the paper will review the purpose of this document, background information for Nova Scotia, and the significance of injury prevention in Nova Scotia, basic anatomy and physiology of the brain, head injuries in sports and recreation activities and the current helmet legislation in Nova Scotia. [...] The brain can receive several different types of injuries depending on the location of the damage, and the type and amount of force that impacts the head. [...] The majority of these individuals were between the ages of 10 and 14 and all of the patients were female. [...] However, experts state that helmets may reduce the severity of the concussion in the event of a collision of the head with another object (B.