Greenhouse gas and energy co-benefits of water conservation

The Impact of Water Conservation on Indirect Energy The focus of this study was to assess the energy savings associated with water conservation. [...] A complete derivation of the energy intensity values impacted by water conservation, termed the water conservation energy intensity, is included in Appendix B. Direct Energy for Water Use Direct energy savings refer to the energy saved by individual homeowners or businesses. [...] The incoming temperature of the source water will also impact the amount of energy required to achieve the desired hot water temperature. [...] The Impact of Water Conservation on Energy A summary of water conservation indirect energy intensity values for large and small surface and groundwater systems are included in Table 1. Table 1 can be used to estimate the municipal energy savings associated with the implementation of water conservation measures. [...] As illustrated in Table 2, the energy used to manufacture the chemicals used in water treatment was found to be relatively insignificant when compared to the indirect and direct energy intensity of water use.