The value of formal and informal training for workers with low literacy

This study investigated the types of formal and informal training activities of basic level employees using a qualitative multi-site case study research design. Seven programs from Canada and four programs from the North and South of England were selected as a sample of convenience from small, medium and large businesses. The range of formal and informal training activities are described as well an analysis of informal learning as both an activity and as a process for workers improving their literacy skills. Implications of the study suggest that reflexive and interdependent forms of self directed learning, going beyond simplistic versions that emphasise independent mastery of work tasks, may play an important role as workers engage in and shape everyday workplace practices.