After a brief discussion of the motivation for and the methodology of the report, the second section reviews the importance of education for an improvement in labour market outcomes, income and other social indicators. [...] The next section draws a portrait of the Aboriginal population, and of the possible improvements they need to achieve to reach the level of the non-Aboriginal population. [...] The report projects the Aboriginal labour force in 2017 and the contribution of the Aboriginal population group to the overall labour force growth over the period. [...] Moreover, in the case where the employment rate of the Aboriginal population reaches by 2017 that of the non-Aboriginal population in 2001, the report finds that the Aboriginal population has the potential to contribute up to 7.64 per cent of the total employment growth in Canada between 2001 and 2017. [...] Output and Productivity Projections This key section of the report develops estimates of the potential contribution of the Aboriginal population to output and productivity in the Canadian economy over the 2001-2017 period based on a number of assumptions and hypotheses.