The status of higher education teaching personnel in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and the United States

The casualization of the academic workforce has been one of the most significant trends over the past decade. [...] In particular, the increasing commercialization of universities is seen in many countries to have compromised the independence of academic staff and the integrity of their work. [...] In almost all countries the trend in the last decade has been one of stagnant or declining public funding and increasing levels of private financing, primarily in the form of rising student fees and private bequests, donations and contracts:. [...] Academic Staff Salaries International comparisons of academic salaries are extremely difficult to undertake because of the wide variations in the structure of remuneration systems and in the different grades or ranks of academic staff in each country. [...] The gender pay gap ranges from 13.4% in Canada and 14.9% in the United Kingdom to 20.4% in public institutions in the United States.