In addition, Vicki Foerster and James Murtagh selected literature, extracted data, and wrote the draft report; and Shaila Mensinkai designed and executed the literature searches, wrote the methods section on literature searching and the associated appendix and verified the bibliographic references. [...] Objective To summarize the evidence from systematic reviews (SRs) reporting on the clinical effectiveness of CT and MRI in the investigation of specific clinical conditions of the chest and the cardiovascular, neurological, and urological systems. [...] In addition to this review of the clinical effectiveness of CT and MRI, a review of economic analyses of CT and MRI for the selected clinical conditions will be published by CCOHTA in a separate document. [...] Of interest to the CAR experts was the evidence of effectiveness of the technologies specifically for diagnosis and guidance of therapy, unless otherwise noted. [...] Ideally CT and MRI would be employed only for the investigation of those clinical cases where compelling evidence from medical literature has shown that the results of the test will influence or expedite the management of the patient’s treatment positively or change the patient’s health outcome.