At the beginning of 2003, this group conducted a feasibility study of the I-Track questionnaire and the collection of DBS in selected sites within the network. [...] The purposes of this document are: •. To outline the process of development of a national enhanced surveillance system of risk behaviours among IDU in Canada, and to present the evaluation of the pilot project. [...] The success of the pilot study demonstrates that a national surveillance system for monitoring of risk behaviours in IDU populations can be established in Canada with the collaboration of local and provincial health authorities, researchers and community-based programs. [...] Nearly 97% of the study population was living in the city of recruitment although 3% of the study participants came from adjoining cities to participate in the survey. [...] The success of the pilot study indicates that a national surveillance system for monitoring of risk behaviours in IDU populations can be established in Canada with the collaboration of local and provincial health authorities, community- based organizations and researchers.