As the dams came into service, and with the support of Quebec’s government, all these pressures led to the rapid electrification of residential heating as well as numerous industrial processes, coupled with a significant growth in natural gas and biomass usage. [...] A well-planned transformation would also support the formation of larger scale players who could take a significant role in the export business through longer term investments in technology and training; • A focus on energy usage would allow Canadians to act ahead of rising carbon prices, decreasing carbon control’s economic impact and even contributing to reinforcing the green energy sector throu [...] Second, transforming energy usage can positively affect Canada’s economy and the lives of Canadians irrespective of the direction the rest of the world follows. [...] Energy as a Service: Going Beyond Energy Supply Page 2 by Normand Mousseau May, 2017 Energy as a Service: Going Beyond Energy Supply DEVELOPING A NATIONAL POLICY Targeting energy usage in a coherent way in Canada is challenging because of the constitutional distribution of powers. [...] While most of the responsibilities linked to energy usage sit in the hands of provinces, a number are shared between the federal government and the provinces, either legally or de facto through Ottawa’s spending powers.