ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN COASTAL COMMUNITIES OF THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES, CANADA: LAND USE PLANNING AND ENGINEERING AND NATURAL APPROACHES PART 3 ENGINEERING TOOLS ADAPTATION OPTIONS VINCENT LEYS, P. [...] ENG. DANIEL BRYCE ATLANTIC CLIMATE ADAPTATION SOLUTIONS ASSOCIATION SOLUTIONS D'ADAPTATION AUX CHANGEMENTS CLIMATIQUES POUR L'ATLANTIQUE March 2016 Prepared by ISO 9001 Registered Company ADAPTING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IN COASTAL COMMUNITIES OF THE ATLANTIC PROVINCES, CANADA: LAND USE PLANNING AND ENGINEERING AND NATURAL APPROACHES Prepared for ACASA (Atlantic Climat [...] TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE i CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER 2: ADAPTATION APPROACHES TO COASTAL RISK 3 2.1 CONSEQUENCE‐REDUCTION STRATEGIES 3 2.2 HAZARD REDUCTION STRATEGIES 3 2.3 OVERARCHING STRATEGIES 4 2.4 COASTAL PROCESSES, CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENGINEERING CONSIDERATIONS 4 CHAPTER 3: INVENTORY OF ENGINEERING ADAPTATION TOOLS 7 3.1 SUMMARY TABLES 7 3.2 REGULATORY CONSID [...] D.8) transport in the downdrift direction. The project used the readily available sand in the banks, which allowed for a significant cost savings. The project is 600 m long and consists of three straight headland breakwaters, 30 m long and spaced 60 m apart, and two transitional breakwaters on the downriver (downdrift) and upriver (updrift) ends. The area is constrained [...] VIEW OF PROTECTED LAND FROM THE EEMS DOLLART DYKE. (IMAGE SOURCE: ALTERRA EEMS DOLLART REPORT3) 61 1 Van Proosdij, D., & Baker G. (2007). Intertidal Morphodynamics of the Avon River Estuary. Final report submitted to the Nova Scotia Department of Transportation and Public Works (NSTPW). Department of Geography, Saint