Effects of seismic air-gun sounds on lobster (Homarus americanus)

Regarding histopathology of the hepatopancreas, the degree of “necrosis” and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining intensity, (a marker for glycogen), of the digestive tubules was similar between the control and exposed groups. [...] The recommended sample volume of 100 µl was increased to 500 µl to bring the AST levels that are present in lobster serum within the working range of the kit. [...] The recommended sample volume of 20 µl was increased to 100 µl to bring the CPK levels that are present in lobster serum within the working range of the kit. [...] In the present study, based on the histological observations of the sections stained with H&E, the general structure of hepatopancreas in all samples corresponded with the description provided above. [...] In this context, given the apparent similarity of molting status of animals in the present study (see softness ranking in Section 3.2 above) and assumptions of similar reproductive and feeding status (animals were from the same batch and held in the same tank until exposure), it is of interest that the group of lobsters exposed to the sound track exhibited a higher degree of vacuolation and dilati