Children, the elderly and those with heart or lung disease are most sensitive to the adverse health effects of air pollution. [...] The pollutants of greatest risk to health are the gases and particles that have been found to contribute to cardiovascular and respiratory disease. [...] How does air pollution affect my health and the health of my family? [...] Depending on the length of time you are exposed, your health status, and the concentration of pollutants, air pollution can have a negative effect on your heart and lungs. [...] Children, the elderly and those with diabetes, heart or lung disease are most sensitive to the adverse health effects of air pollution Negative health effects increase as air pollution worsens.